World Grain - May 2007 - 20

COUNTRYFOCUS

Focus on the Netherlands
Compound feed production, on a
per capita basis, ranks among the
highest in the world
by David McKee

Two things distinguish the Netherlands demographically. It is
the most densely populated country in Europe (among those with
over 500,000 inhabitants), and somewhat counter-intuitively for
such a crowded land, its people are the tallest in the world. From
these facts one might conclude another two things: that the Dutch
are particularly well-nourished and food production is intensive.
And, indeed, this is the case. According to United Nations Food
and Agriculture Organization (FAO) data, the people of the Netherlands get 30% of their calories from animal products, compared
to an average of 20% in all developed countries. Milk production,
at more than 11 million tonnes per year, exceeds grain production
(1.7 million tonnes) by nearly six times, and food processing is a
U.S.$20 billion industry.
A large, highly sophisticated feed industry is a crucial link in
the food chain that enables the country not just to put meat, eggs
and cheese on its tables but to also generate significant surpluses for export. Total compound feed production is
the NETHERLANDS
12.5 million tonnes, which on a per capita basis is
U. K.
one of the highest in the world. It has been stable for
GERMANY several years.
BELGIUM
About 45% of industrially produced feed goes to
LUX.
FRANCE
pigs, 25% to cattle and 25% to poultry, according
to the Nevedi, the feed producers association whose
members account for nearly all domestic output. The
industry generates €2.5 billion (U.S.$3.25 billion) in
annual sales and employs 5,000 people.
Cooperatives and private companies make up nearly
equal parts of production. Competition is fierce, with no
entity holding more than a 15% share. However, six of the
seven largest producers have formed an alliance called Trusq, which
has developed a set of safety standards for feed ingredients and
inspects and certifies suppliers around the world. These six Trusq
members, consisting of two private companies and four cooperatives, control about two-thirds of the Dutch feed supply.
Thanks in part to the intense competition on their own soil,
Dutch feed companies do well outside their borders. A significant
share of production is exported to Belgium and Germany, and in
recent years Poland and Hungary have become important markets.
20

Key Facts
Capital: Amsterdam
Population: 16.5 million; Dutch 83%, other 17%, of
which 9% are non-Western origin, mainly Turks, Moroccans, Antilleans, Surinamese, and Indonesians (1999 est.)
Religions: Roman Catholic 31%, Dutch Reformed 13%,
Calvinist 7%, Muslim 5.5%, other 2.5%, none 41%
(2002)
Location: Western Europe, bordering the North Sea, between Belgium and Germany
Government: Constitutional monarchy; Chief of state:
Queen Beatrix (since April 30, 1980); Head of government:
Prime Minister Jan Peter Balkenende (since July 22, 2002)
Economy: The Netherlands has a prosperous and open
economy, which depends heavily on foreign trade. The
economy is noted for stable industrial relations, moderate
unemployment and inflation, a sizable current account surplus, and its important role as a European transportation
hub. Industrial activity is predominantly in food processing, chemicals, petroleum refining and electrical machinery.
A highly mechanized agricultural sector employs no more
than 2% of the labor force but provides large surpluses for
the food-processing industry and for exports. The Netherlands, along with 11 of its E.U. partners, began circulating
the euro currency on Jan. 1, 2002. The country continues to
be one of the leading European nations for attracting foreign direct investment. Economic growth slowed considerably in 2001-06, as part of the global economic slowdown,
but during the four years before that, annual growth averaged nearly 4%, well above the E.U. average.
GDP per capita: U.S.$31,700 (PPP); Inflation 1.4%; unemployment 5.5% (2006 est.)
Currency: €1 equals U.S.$1.36 (April 30, 2007)
Exports: U.S.$414 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.); machinery and
equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs
Imports: U.S.$374 billion; machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs, clothing
Major crops/agricultural products: Grains, potatoes,
sugar beets, fruits, vegetables, livestock
Agriculture: 2.1% of GDP and 2% of the labor force
Source: World Factbook

May 2007 / World Grain / www.World-Grain.com


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World Grain - May 2007

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World Grain - May 2007 - 1
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